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Study about burning of hydrogen isotopes on metallic catalyst in detritiation pilot plant for CANDU reactors

Felicia Vasut 

National Institute of R&D for Cryogenic and Isotopes Separations (ICSI), Uzinei No.4, Ramnicu Valcea 240050, Romania

Abstract

The Nuclear Power Plant Cernavoda is equipped with a CANDU reactor and is the most powerful tritium source from Europe. This reactor is moderated and cooled with heavy water which is continuous contaminated with tritium. For these reasons, NIR&DCIT Rm. Valcea developed a detritiation technology based on catalytic isotopic exchange and cryogenic distillation. In some stage of the detritiation process the oxygen is considered like impurity in the fluid, that could product the obstruction of the pipes. The oxygen could be removed by recombination with hydrogen, using a metallic catalyst. The final product of the detritiation process is deuterated hydrogen. In the process of the catalytic burning of the deuterated hydrogen is obtained the heavy water, free of tritium, witch could be reused in the CANDU reactor. Both modules, which include the purification from the oxygen and deuterated hydrogen burning, are equipped with deoxo catalyst (palladium on Al2O3) or Pt on charcoal. The interaction between hydrogen and oxygen molecules devolves through the succession of the reactions. Superficial species which are participating at the reaction, proceed from the dissociate chemisorption of the oxygen and the hydrogen molecules. It is observed by the Gibbs energy, which is negative, that reaction is thermodynamic possible. The reaction could be release by the palladium or platinum catalyst. The catalytic oxidize of hydrogen on palladium or platinum catalysts devolve with the oxygen chemisorption on catalyst and then with the reaction of the hydrogen from gas stage. Order of the reaction is one for the hydrogen and zero for the oxygen. The paper describes a study about the platinum and palladium catalyst and the mechanism of the reaction between hydrogen isotopes and oxygen using these catalysts.

 

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Presentation: poster at E-MRS Fall Meeting 2004, Symposium I, by Felicia Vasut
See On-line Journal of E-MRS Fall Meeting 2004

Submitted: 2004-05-24 11:46
Revised:   2009-06-08 12:55