Austenitic stainless steels are widely exploited in industry and are used for biomedical applications. For these reasons, the improvement of their properties is of great importance. One of the efficient ways to increase the mechanical properties is grain size refinement down to nanometer scale. Recent results showed that such a refinement is accompanied by increase of flow stress and hardness. On the other hand little is know about the effect nano-refinement on other properties such as wear resistance. The aim of this work was to investigate wear resistance of the  nanostructured 316 LVM austenitic stainless obtained by hydrostatic extrusion (HE).

The tribological tests were performed using a rotating pin-on-disc with fixed pin. The counterpart materials were hardened chromium steel X17CrNi16-2 and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. All tests were conducted in normal saline solution (0,9 % NaCl) with sliding speed 0.2 m/s.  The applied loads were 1, 3.5, 6 MPa and the sliding distance was 720 m. The wear rate was calculated by weight loss. The morphologies of the worn surfaces were observed with a scanning electron microscope and characterized by optical surface profiler.

The results indicate that hydrostatic extrusion process in addition to flow stress improves also tribological  properties of the 316 LVM stainless steel. This finding opens new possibilities for biomedical applications of the nano-structured 316 LVM steel.

Acknowledgment

The HE processes were carried out at the Institute of High Pressure Physics of Polish Academy of Sciences.

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